Thyroid Dysfunction During Pregnancy

List of specialists for treating Thyroid Dysfunction During Pregnancy - Wellcare Telemedicine

Bs. Nguyễn Văn Hữu

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Thyroid dysfunction refers to the thyroid gland producing either too much (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) thyroid hormone. Pregnancy can intensify pre-existing thyroid issues or trigger new ones, as hormonal and metabolic demands on the thyroid increase.

• Autoimmune conditions: Graves’ disease or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
• Iodine deficiency: Inadequate iodine can hinder hormone production.
• Pre-existing thyroid issues: Women with thyroid conditions are more susceptible.

• Hyperthyroidism: Rapid heartbeat, excessive sweating, weight loss despite normal eating, and anxiety.
• Hypothyroidism: Fatigue, unexplained weight gain, dry skin, constipation, and cold intolerance.
• Other common signs: Swelling in the neck (goiter).

• For the mother: Increased risk of preeclampsia, miscarriage, and premature delivery.
• For the baby: Developmental delays, low birth weight, or congenital thyroid issues.

• Diagnosis:Regular blood tests to measure TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) and free T4 levels. Close monitoring is essential throughout pregnancy.
• Treatment:
  • For hypothyroidism: Levothyroxine, a synthetic thyroid hormone, to stabilize hormone levels.
  • For hyperthyroidism: Medications like antithyroid drugs under strict medical supervision.
  • Dietary measures: Sufficient iodine intake through iodized salt or prescribed supplements.

• How often should thyroid levels be monitored during pregnancy?

  Every 4-6 weeks or as recommended by your doctor.

• Is thyroid dysfunction treatable during pregnancy?

  Yes, with timely diagnosis and proper management, the risks can be minimized for both mother and baby.

• Can thyroid problems be prevented during pregnancy?

  While not always preventable, maintaining a balanced diet with adequate iodine and scheduling early prenatal care can reduce risks.

If you notice fatigue, unexplained weight fluctuations, or neck swelling during pregnancy, consult your healthcare provider promptly. Early intervention ensures better health outcomes for both you and your baby.